Bron\u015fektazi Nedir? Bron\u015fektazi bir yada daha fazla bron\u015fun, Anormal kal\u0131c\u0131 geni\u015flemesidir. Bu hastal\u0131kta bron\u015f duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n kas ve elastik yap\u0131s\u0131nda harabiyet olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk kez 1819 y\u0131l\u0131nda Laennce isimli ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tarif edilmi\u015ftir. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde bron\u015fektazi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 oran\u0131nda azalmalar olmu\u015ftur. Bo\u011fmaca kabakulak a\u015f\u0131lamalar\u0131, t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz (verem) hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda azalma, enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda Antibiyotik tedavilerinin uygulanmas\u0131 bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bron\u015fektazi \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u00e7ocuklukta ge\u00e7irilen nekrotizan akci\u011fer enfeksiyonlar\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Nadiren do\u011fumsal geli\u015fimsel anomali, kal\u0131tsal metabolik olaylar, imm\u00fcn yetmezlik sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.(kistik fibrozis hast, antitripsin eksikli\u011fi vb.)<\/p>\n
BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER<\/p>\n
En s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fikayet \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fckt\u00fcr. M\u00fckopr\u00fclan nitelikte bol balgam \u00e7\u0131karma yak\u0131nmalar\u0131 mevcuttur. \u00d6zellikle sabahlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan balgam bazen ye\u015fil renkli ve k\u00f6t\u00fc kokulu olabilir. Yayg\u0131n hastal\u0131kta 500 ml. kadar balgam \u00e7\u0131karma g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Hemoptizi (kan t\u00fck\u00fcrme) s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fikayetlerdendir. Bazen ciddi miktarda kanamalar olabilir. Hastal\u0131k yayg\u0131n ise nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fikayeti de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n
Ate\u015f, halsizlik, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, kilo kayb\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulundu\u011fu akci\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde pn\u00f6moni (zat\u00fcrre) ve pl\u00f6vrezi (zat\u00fclcenp) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n
TANI<\/p>\n
Hastan\u0131n yak\u0131nmalar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilir, radyolojik tan\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleri (bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi) yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Balgam incelemeleri de yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r, antibiyotik se\u00e7iminde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n
PROGNOZ<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte hemoptizi, enfeksiyon, kalp yetmezlikleri nedeni ile \u00f6l\u00fcmler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmakta idi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise d\u00fczenli antibiyotik kullan\u0131m\u0131 baz\u0131 hastalar i\u00e7in cerrahi giri\u015fimler hayat kurtar\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
TEDAV\u0130<\/p>\n
Tedavinin amac\u0131 \u015fikayetleri kontrol etmek, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesini \u00f6nlemedir. Enfeksiyonlar\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc antibiyotikler al\u0131r. Sekresyonlar\u0131n temizlenmesi i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015fik pozisyonlarda drenaj\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
E\u011fer bron\u015f darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 problemi mevcut ise bron\u015flar\u0131 geni\u015fletici ila\u00e7lar yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Baz\u0131 hastalarda ise bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedenini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bronkoskopi yap\u0131labilir.(yabanc\u0131 cisim, bron\u015f i\u00e7i t\u00fcm\u00f6rler, enfeksiyonlar vb.) Bazen de kanamalar s\u0131k tekrar ediyorsa o akci\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ameliyat ile \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
KOMPL\u0130KASYONLAR<\/p>\n
En s\u0131k raslanan pn\u00f6moni (zat\u00fcrre), ampiyem (cerahatl\u0131 zat\u00fcrcen) ve pn\u00f6motoraks(akci\u011ferin zarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Hava toplanmas\u0131 )d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 hastalarda hayat\u0131 tehdit eden cerrahi giri\u015fim gerektiren kanamalar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kanamal\u0131 hastalar i\u00e7in akci\u011fer damarlar\u0131na giri\u015fimsel radyolojik m\u00fcdahaleler yap\u0131labilir. Yayg\u0131n hastal\u0131kta kalp yetmezlikleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n
KORUNMA<\/p>\n
K\u0131zam\u0131k, bo\u011fmaca, grip a\u015f\u0131lamalar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Bakteriyel akci\u011fer enfeksiyonlar\u0131nda d\u00fczenli, uygun antibiyotik tedavilerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 bron\u015fektazi olu\u015fumunu engeller.<\/p>\n
HAZIRLAYAN; Dr. Emel \u00c7A\u011eLAR<\/p>\n
KAYNAKLARIseman MD. Bronchiectasis. In: Murray and Nadel’s Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. Vol 1,4th ed. New York: Elsevier Saunders, 2005 1252\u201376 Pasteur MC, Helliwell SM, Houghton SJ, et al. An investigation into causative fastors in patients with bronchiectasis. Am J Respir Crit Care med 2000;162:1277\u201384 Reiff DB, Wells AU, Carr DH, et al. CT finding in bronchiectasis: Limited value in distinguishing between idipathic and specific types. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165:261\u20137 Trucksis M, Swartz MN: bronchiectasis: A current view. Curr Clin Top Infect Dis 1991; 11 170\u2013205 Corterton JW. The etiology and persistence of cryptic bacterial infections: A hypotesis, Rev Infect D 1984;6:608-16, Yankaskas JR, Marchall BC, Sufian B, et al. Cystic fibrosis adutlt care: Consensus Conference report. Chest 2004; 125:1\u201339 Afzelius BA. Immotile cilia syndrome: Past present, and porspects fort he future. Thorax 1998; 53.894\u20137 Katsuhara K, Kawamoto, S Wakbayashi T. Situs inversus totalis and Kartegener’s syndrome in Japanese population. Chest 1972;61: 56\u20139 Woodring JH, Howard RSI, Rehm SR. Congenital tracheobronchiomegaly (Mounier-Kuhn syndrome): A report of 10 cases and review of the literature. J Thorac Imaging 1991; 6:1-10 10)\u00a0 Foster ME, Foster DR. Bronchiectasis and Marfan’ssydrome. Postrgrad Med J1980;56:718-9Cordasco E. Clinical features of the yellow nail syndrome. Cleve Clin J Med 1990; 57:472\u20136<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bron\u015fektazi Nedir? Bron\u015fektazi bir yada daha fazla bron\u015fun, Anormal kal\u0131c\u0131 geni\u015flemesidir. Bu hastal\u0131kta bron\u015f duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n kas ve elastik yap\u0131s\u0131nda harabiyet olu\u015fur. \u0130lk kez 1819 y\u0131l\u0131nda Laennce isimli ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tarif edilmi\u015ftir. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde bron\u015fektazi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 oran\u0131nda azalmalar olmu\u015ftur. Bo\u011fmaca kabakulak a\u015f\u0131lamalar\u0131, t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz (verem) hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda azalma, enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda Antibiyotik tedavilerinin uygulanmas\u0131 bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bron\u015fektazi \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u00e7ocuklukta ge\u00e7irilen nekrotizan akci\u011fer[Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[22524],"tags":[23020,23015],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13180"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13180"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13180\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}