V\u00fccudumuzdaki ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenen baz\u0131 h\u00fccrelerin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ve yapmas\u0131 gereken fonksiyonlar\u0131 yapamamas\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu hastal\u0131klar 4 ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplan\u0131r;<\/p>\n
1- MULT\u0130PLE MYELOMA<\/p>\n
Kahler hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak da bilinen bu hastal\u0131kta, kemik ili\u011finde plazma h\u00fccresi ad\u0131 verilen bir grup h\u00fccrenin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ve \u00e7evresindeki kemik yap\u0131y\u0131 istila etmesi s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n sebebi tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla birlikte genetik, radyasyon, benzen, baz\u0131 kimyasal \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc Maddeler ve b\u00f6cek ila\u00e7lar\u0131 gibi baz\u0131 etkenlerin hastal\u0131\u011fa sebep olabilece\u011fi iddia edilmi\u015ftir. Hastal\u0131k genellikle 65 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak her 100 000 ki\u015fide 3-6 oran\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER\u0130<\/p>\n
Hastalar halsizlik, yorgunluk, v\u00fccudun \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde kemik a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131ndan \u015fikayet ederler. Hastalarda Kans\u0131zl\u0131k, kan kalsiyum miktar\u0131nda y\u00fckseklik, kemik k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131, tekrarlayan enfeksiyonlar, b\u00f6brek tutulumuna ba\u011fl\u0131 baz\u0131 hastal\u0131klar, baz\u0131 v\u00fccut b\u00f6lgelerinde \u015fi\u015flikler ve kanamaya e\u011filim gibi durumlar tespit edilebilir.<\/p>\n
TANI<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131 birtak\u0131m kan, idrar ve r\u00f6ntgen tetkikleri ile konulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Genellikle kemik ili\u011finden i\u011fne ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir par\u00e7a al\u0131p incelenmesi ile tan\u0131 konulur.<\/p>\n
TEDAV\u0130<\/p>\n
Ki\u015finin belirgin \u015fikayeti yoksa ve yukar\u0131da belirtilen bulgular saptanmam\u0131\u015fsa tedavisiz takip edilir. \u015eikayetleri ve bulgular\u0131 belirgin olan hastalar ise radyasyon, baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar ve kemik ili\u011fi nakli gibi tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri ile tedavi program\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Maalesef hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kesin tedavisi yoktur ve h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerleyebilen bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Yak\u0131n takip alt\u0131nda olmak gereklidir. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen Aile hekiminize m\u00fcracaat ediniz.<\/p>\n
2- WALDENSTROM MAKROGLOBUL\u0130NEM\u0130S\u0130<\/p>\n
Kemik ili\u011finde ve kanda lenfosit ve plazma h\u00fccresi denilen h\u00fccrelerin kontrols\u00fcz \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. V\u00fccutta \u0130mmunglob\u00fclin M ad\u0131 verilen ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminde g\u00f6revi olan \u00f6zel bir Proteinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00fcretimi s\u00f6z konusudur. Sebebi bilinmemektedir. Daha nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve yine 65 ya\u015f \u00fczerinde daha s\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER\u0130<\/p>\n
Halsizlik, zay\u0131fl\u0131k, kilo kayb\u0131, kanama, bulan\u0131k g\u00f6rme, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, tekrarlayan enfeksiyonlar belli ba\u015fl\u0131 \u015fikayetlerdir.<\/p>\n
Kans\u0131zl\u0131k, alyuvarlar\u0131n birbirine yap\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 birtak\u0131m bulgular (g\u00f6z i\u00e7i kanamas\u0131, dengesizlik, \u00e7ift g\u00f6rme, i\u015fitme kayb\u0131, koma gibi) saptan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
TANI<\/p>\n
Tan\u0131 kan, idrar ve kemik ili\u011fi incelemesi gibi tetkiklerle konulur.<\/p>\n
TEDAV\u0130<\/p>\n
Hastan\u0131n \u015fikayetine y\u00f6nelik ila\u00e7lar, kemik ili\u011fi nakli, kan de\u011fi\u015fimi gibi tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri vard\u0131r. Kesin tedavisi yoktur. Hastalar yak\u0131n takip alt\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3- A\u011eIR Z\u0130NC\u0130R HASTALIKLARI<\/p>\n
Kanda ve idrarda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131klik sistemi ile ilgili bir Proteinin a\u011f\u0131r zincir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde fazla \u00fcretim nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n birka\u00e7 tipi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Birinci tipi (gama tipi) genellikle 60 ya\u015f \u00fczerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kans\u0131zl\u0131k, lenf bezelerinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, karaci\u011fer ve dalak b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi gibi bulgularla seyredebilir. Yine kan, idrar ve kemik ili\u011fi incelemeleri ile tan\u0131 konulur. Sadece \u015fikayet ve bulgular\u0131 olanlar tedavi program\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. \u0130lerleyici bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130kinci tipi (alfa tipi) 20-30 ya\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Mide-barsak sistemi etkilenir ve ishal, sindirim bozuklu\u011fu ve kilo kayb\u0131 \u00f6n plandad\u0131r. Benzer tetkik ve tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri uygulan\u0131r. Ancak bu tipte barsaktan par\u00e7a al\u0131p incelemek gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc tip (m\u00fc tipi) olduk\u00e7a nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen aile hekiminizle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7iniz.<\/p>\n
4- AM\u0130LO\u0130DOZ<\/p>\n
Bu hastal\u0131kta v\u00fccutta amiloid ad\u0131 verilen hafif zincir yap\u0131s\u0131nda bir proteinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli organ ve dokularda birikimi s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n
Genetik \u00f6zelli\u011fi olan bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Sebebi yine tam bilinmemektedir. V\u00fccutta hemen her organ tutulabilir ve tutulan organa g\u00f6re \u015fikayet ve bulgular ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. En s\u0131k olarak ya\u011f dokusunda, b\u00f6brekte, kalpte, kemik ili\u011finde, barsaklarda, karaci\u011ferde ve sinirlerde birikir. Kans\u0131zl\u0131k, idrarda Protein kayb\u0131, \u00fcre y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, tansiyon d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi bulgular s\u0131k saptan\u0131r. Ya\u011f dokusu, kemik ili\u011fi veya b\u00f6brek gibi tutulan organlardan al\u0131nan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alar\u0131n incelenmesi ile hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131 konur.<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n seyri ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye ve tutulan organ durumuna g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Kesin tedavisi olmamakla birlikte baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesini \u00f6nleyebilir. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen aile hekiminize m\u00fcracaat ediniz.<\/p>\n
5- LENFOMALAR<\/p>\n
a) Hodgkin lenfoma: Lenf bezi ve di\u011fer lenfoid dokulardaki lenfoid h\u00fccrelerin malign t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerine lenfomalar denir. Hodgkin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 1832 y\u0131l\u0131nda Thomas Hodgkin taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn mevcut tedaviler ile tamamen iyile\u015febilir. Ortalama g\u00f6r\u00fclme ya\u015f\u0131 26-31 dir.<\/p>\n
\u00a0 Klasik Hodgkin Lenfoma Nod\u00fcler Lenfositten zengin Hodgkin Lenfoma olarak iki t\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Tan\u0131 biyopsi ile konur.<\/p>\n
b.\u00a0 Non-Hodgkin Lenfoma:<\/p>\n
Sebebi bilinmiyor. B ve T lenfositlerinden men\u015fe al\u0131r. Erkeklerde daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kanserlerin % 4 \u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00c7e\u015fitli \u015fekilleri vard\u0131r. Follik\u00fcler lenfoma, lenfoplasmositik lenfoma, b\u00fcy\u00fck B h\u00fccreli lenfoma, Burkitt lenfoma, T h\u00fccreli lenfoma, primer gastrik lenfoma. Primer gastrik lenfoma Kuzey \u0130talya’da tarif edilmi\u015ftir. Helicobakter pylori ile ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir. Tan\u0131 biyopsi ile konur. H. Pylori eradikasyonu ve proton pompas\u0131 inhibit\u00f6rleri tedavide kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Radyoterapi ve alkilleyici ajanlar kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
HAZIRLAYANLAR; Dr. Mustafa ALTAY, Dr. Zafer Ayd\u0131n ECEM\u0130\u015e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u00fccudumuzdaki ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenen baz\u0131 h\u00fccrelerin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ve yapmas\u0131 gereken fonksiyonlar\u0131 yapamamas\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu hastal\u0131klar 4 ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplan\u0131r; 1- MULT\u0130PLE MYELOMA Kahler hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak da bilinen bu hastal\u0131kta, kemik ili\u011finde plazma h\u00fccresi ad\u0131 verilen bir grup h\u00fccrenin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ve \u00e7evresindeki kemik yap\u0131y\u0131 istila etmesi s\u00f6z konusudur. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n sebebi tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla birlikte genetik,[Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[22524],"tags":[23131,23130],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13218"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13218"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13218\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}