SARS (a\u011f\u0131r akut solunum yolu yetersizli\u011fi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131), viral bir solunum sistemi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Etkeninin ismi, SARS ili\u015fkili Corona vir\u00fcst\u00fcr (SARS-CoV). \u0130lk defa 2003 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015fubat ay\u0131nda Asya’da bildirilmi\u015ftir. Daha sonraki birka\u00e7 Ay i\u00e7inde Kuzey Amerika, G\u00fcney Amerika, Avrupa ve Asya’n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yerinde hastal\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve 2003 y\u0131l\u0131 k\u00fcresel salg\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc verilerine g\u00f6re 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki salg\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 8098 ki\u015fi hastalanm\u0131\u015f ve bunlardan 774 tanesi de \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kulu\u00e7ka d\u00f6nemi yani vir\u00fcs\u00fcn v\u00fccuda al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 aras\u0131 ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre 2 ila 7 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr, bu d\u00f6nem 10 G\u00fcne kadar uzayabilir. Bazen 14 g\u00fcne kadar da uzad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilmi\u015ftir. Hastalarda belirtilerin ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile (\u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, ate\u015f, titreme, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 vs.) bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n da ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesin olarak bilinmektedir. Ancak SARS hastalar\u0131n\u0131n belirtilerin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan ne kadar zaman \u00f6nce ya da sonra, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 hen\u00fcz kesin olarak bilinmemektedir. Sadece hasta ki\u015filerle ayn\u0131 evi ve e\u015fyalar\u0131 payla\u015fan veya hasta ki\u015fileri korunmas\u0131z olarak muayene eden sa\u011fl\u0131k personeline hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bilgiler gelmektedir.<\/p>\n
SARS te\u015fhisi konan bir hasta bula\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp solunumsal \u015fikayetleri ge\u00e7tikten sonra 10 G\u00fcn kadar ev d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki aktivitelerini k\u0131s\u0131tlamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
SARS hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n esas bula\u015fma yolu insandan insana yak\u0131n temaslad\u0131r. Hasta olan ki\u015fi \u00f6ks\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc veya hap\u015f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman Havada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck damlac\u0131k \u00e7ekirdekleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ki bunlar vir\u00fcs\u00fcn bir ba\u015fka ki\u015fiye bula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda esas rol\u00fc oynarlar. Bu vir\u00fcs i\u00e7eren damlac\u0131klar 3 -5 metrelik bir mesafe i\u00e7inde bulunan bir ba\u015fka ki\u015finin a\u011f\u0131z, burun veya g\u00f6zlerinde yerle\u015febilirler. Vir\u00fcs\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015finin etrafa yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu damlac\u0131klar\u0131n yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir y\u00fczey ya da bir cisme elini dokunduran ki\u015finin elini tekrar a\u011fz\u0131na, burnuna veya g\u00f6zlerine de\u011fdirmesi ile de bula\u015fabilir. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda vir\u00fcs\u00fcn Hava yolu veya bilmedi\u011fimiz di\u011fer yollarla da bula\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
SARS bula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yak\u0131n temas hasta olan bir ki\u015fiye bakan veya onunla ayn\u0131 evde ya\u015fayan ki\u015fi ya da hasta ki\u015finin solunum s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 veya v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 ile temas eden ki\u015fi anlam\u0131na gelir ki bula\u015fma i\u00e7in esas yoldur. \u00d6p\u00fc\u015fme, yiyeceklerini payla\u015fma veya yemek yedi\u011fi e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fma, 3\u20135 metreden yak\u0131n konu\u015fma veya dokunma yak\u0131n temas demektir.<\/p>\n
Vir\u00fcs ortamda birka\u00e7 g\u00fcne kadar Canl\u0131 kalabilir. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn ortamda canl\u0131 kalma s\u00fcresi bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6re ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ki vir\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7eren v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tipi, ortam \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 ve nemi bunlar i\u00e7inde say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER\u0130<\/p>\n
SARS genel olarak y\u00fcksek ate\u015fle birlikte ba\u015flar ki ate\u015f s\u0131kl\u0131kla 38,0\u00b0C’\u0131n \u00fczerindedir. Di\u011fer belirtiler ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, so\u011fuk terleme v\u00fccutta genel olarak k\u0131rg\u0131nl\u0131k, yayg\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131lar ve huzursuzluk hissidir. Baz\u0131 ki\u015filerde ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta solunum sistemi ile ili\u015fkili \u015fikayetler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir, hastalar\u0131n % 10-20’sinde ishal \u015fikayeti bulunabilir. 2\u20137 g\u00fcn sonra hastalarda kuru \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bir\u00e7ok hastada ise pn\u00f6moni yani zat\u00fcrree geli\u015fir. Baz\u0131 vakalarda ( % 10\u201320) hastal\u0131k \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r seyreder. Solunum yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015fir. Bu hastalara hastane bak\u0131m\u0131 hatta solunum cihaz\u0131 gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
TANI<\/p>\n
Kan, d\u0131\u015fk\u0131, burun salg\u0131lar\u0131 gibi v\u00fccuttan al\u0131nan materyallerde PCR y\u00f6ntemi ile vir\u00fcs\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanabilir. Ayr\u0131ca hastal\u0131k sonras\u0131, kanda vir\u00fcse kar\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fan antikorlar\u0131 (koruyucu proteinleri) saptayarak te\u015fhis konabilir. Bir de vir\u00fcs\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcr ortam\u0131nda \u00fcretilmesi de te\u015fhis y\u00f6ntemlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n
TEDAV\u0130<\/p>\n
SARS tedavisi i\u00e7in ciddi zat\u00fcrreesi olan bir hasta ile benzer bir tedavinin uygulanmas\u0131 gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7e\u015fitli ila\u00e7lar\u0131n etkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar devam etmektedir<\/p>\n
KORUNMA<\/p>\n
SARS hastalar\u0131 Aile fertleri, yemek ara\u00e7-gere\u00e7leri kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve birlikte yatmak gibi yak\u0131n temastan ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
SARS hastas\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc temasta, tek kullan\u0131ml\u0131k eldivenler tercih edilmelidir. <\/p>\n
SARS hastalar\u0131n\u0131n aile fertleri bu 10 g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre boyunca, ellerini s\u0131k s\u0131k y\u0131kamal\u0131 ve Alkol i\u00e7eren temizleyicileri kullanmal\u0131, temiz olmayan eller g\u00f6zler, burun ve a\u011fza temastan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
SARS hastas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ks\u00fcrmeden ya da hap\u015f\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 ve burnunu mendille kapamal\u0131 ve devaml\u0131 maske tak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
SARS tan\u0131s\u0131 konulan hastalar\u0131n ate\u015f ve solunum yolu \u015fikayetleri ge\u00e7tikten sonra, ev d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimlerini s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131, i\u015fe, okula ya da ba\u015fka kamusal alanlara gitmemeleri tavsiye edilmektedir. <\/p>\n
HAZIRLAYAN; Do\u00e7. Dr. Filiz KO\u015eAR \u00a0<\/p>\n
KAYNAKLAR<\/p>\n
WHO guidelines for the global surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): WHO\/CDS\/CSR\/ARO\/2004.1 CDC: Fact Sheet: Basic Information about SARS B\u0130LKENT \u00dcniversitesi, Sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezi, Web sayfas\u0131 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
SARS (a\u011f\u0131r akut solunum yolu yetersizli\u011fi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131), viral bir solunum sistemi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Etkeninin ismi, SARS ili\u015fkili Corona vir\u00fcst\u00fcr (SARS-CoV). \u0130lk defa 2003 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015fubat ay\u0131nda Asya’da bildirilmi\u015ftir. Daha sonraki birka\u00e7 Ay i\u00e7inde Kuzey Amerika, G\u00fcney Amerika, Avrupa ve Asya’n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yerinde hastal\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve 2003 y\u0131l\u0131 k\u00fcresel salg\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc verilerine g\u00f6re 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki salg\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k[Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[22524],"tags":[23347,23346,23337,23344,23341],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13293"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13293"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13293\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}