GEBELiKTE A\u015fILAR<\/p>\n
Bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klarla sava\u015fta a\u015f\u0131lanman\u0131n \u00f6nemi yads\u0131namaz. \u00e7ocuklarda ve gen\u00e7lerde a\u015f\u0131larla \u00f6nlenebilen hastal\u0131klar olduk\u00e7a az g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, bu hastal\u0131klar daha ileri ya\u015flardaki ki\u015filerde halen sorun olabilmektedir. Difteri, tetanoz, kabakulak, k\u0131zam\u0131k\u00e7\u0131k gibi hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 eri\u015fkinler ya bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ge\u00e7irdikleri i\u00e7in do\u011fal olarak ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131klanmakta veya a\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in risk alt\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131rlar.
\nGebelerde a\u015f\u0131yla \u00f6nlenebilecek hastal\u0131klar\u0131n riski ile a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sorun olabilmektedir. Gebelikte gerek anne, gerekse fetus a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risk olu\u015fturabilecek gereksiz ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve giri\u015fimlerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak esast\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Gebelikte Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 SAKINCALI Olan A\u015f\u0131lar<\/p>\n
Kabakulak
\nk\u0131zam\u0131k
\nk\u0131zam\u0131k\u00e7\u0131k
\n\u00e7ocuk felci
\n\u00e7i\u00e7ek
\nSar\u0131 humma
\nGebelikte Uygulanabilecek A\u015f\u0131lar<\/p>\n
Tetanoz\/difteri
\nHepatit B
\ninfluenza (grip)
\nPn\u00f6mokok
\nHepatit A
\nKolera
\nMeningokok
\nTifo-paratifo
\nBula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131kla ilgili Maddeler ba\u015fl\u0131ca 3 grupta toplanabilir:
\nA\u015f\u0131lar, toksoidler ve imm\u00fcn globulinler.
\nA\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 da Canl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131lar ve inaktive edilmi\u015f a\u015f\u0131lar olarak 2 grupta toplayabiliriz.
\nGebelerde canl\u0131 vir\u00fcs a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r. inaktive a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 bir problem ise bildirilmemi\u015ftir. Gebede a\u015f\u0131 veya toksoid uygulanmas\u0131 gerekiyorsa bunun ilk 3 aydan sonra yap\u0131lmas\u0131 daha mant\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Gebelerde a\u015f\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kurallara uyulmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir;<\/p>\n
1. A\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yarar\u0131, riskinden fazla ise,
\n2. infeksiyon ajan\u0131na maruz kalma riski y\u00fcksek ise,
\n3. a\u015f\u0131 etkin ve g\u00fcvenli ise,
\n4. anne ve\/veya fetus infeksiyon i\u00e7in risk alt\u0131nda ise. <\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131lanma yap\u0131lacaksa bunun gebeli\u011fin sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru yap\u0131lmas\u0131 fetus a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha yararl\u0131d\u0131r. Antikorlar\u0131n 16. haftadan itibaren plasentay\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bilinmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, ancak 32. haftadan sonra tam bir ge\u00e7i\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. Plasenta olgunla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a antikorlar\u0131 daha kolay ge\u00e7irmektedir. Do\u011furganl\u0131k \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki kad\u0131nlar\u0131n k\u0131zam\u0131k, k\u0131zam\u0131k\u00e7\u0131k, kabakulak, difteri, tetanoz, \u00e7ocuk felci Su \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n gebe kalmadan \u00f6nce yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131lamada \u00f6nemli bir nokta ki\u015finin bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131 daha \u00f6nce ge\u00e7irip ge\u00e7irmedi\u011fi, yani ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde t\u00fcm gebelerin k\u0131zam\u0131k\u00e7\u0131k (rubella) ve hepatit B a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Tetanoz ve Difteri<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bireylerin \u00e7o\u011fu tetanoz a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, tetanoza nadiren rastlanmaktad\u0131r. K\u00f6t\u00fc hijyenik ko\u015fullarda do\u011fum yapanlarda, e\u011fer anne a\u015f\u0131s\u0131z ise yenido\u011fanda da tetanoz olu\u015fabilmektedir. \u00e7ocukluk \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda tetanoz a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, difteri ve bo\u011fmaca ile birlikte karma a\u015f\u0131 \u015feklinde uygulanmaktad\u0131r.
\nilk a\u015f\u0131lamada 1-2 Ay ara ile 3 kez uygulama gerekmektedir. A\u015f\u0131l\u0131 bireylerin,11-12 ya\u015f\u0131ndan sonra tetanoz-difteri toksoidini 10 y\u0131l ara ile tekrarlamalar\u0131 \u00f6nerilir. Bu uygulama gebelikte de g\u00fcvenle yap\u0131labilir. E\u011fer gebelikte bir yaralanma olursa ve bula\u015fma riski s\u00f6z konusu ise ek bir a\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131labilir. \u00f6nceki 5 y\u0131lda a\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa ek bir doz yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir. A\u015f\u0131lama anneyi Lohusal\u0131kta ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek tetanozdan korudu\u011fu gibi, antikorlar plasentay\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011finden, yenido\u011fan\u0131 da tetanozdan korur. A\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yan etkisi nadirdir, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131k ve n\u00f6rolojik baz\u0131 problemlere yol a\u00e7abilir. Gebeli\u011fin ilk 3 ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Influenza (Grip) A\u015f\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n
Annedeki gripal infeksiyona ba\u011fl\u0131 anne ve yenido\u011fanda baz\u0131 riskler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Grip daha \u00e7ok Kas\u0131m ve Mart aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kulu\u00e7ka d\u00f6nemi 1-4 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ate\u015f, k\u0131rg\u0131nl\u0131k, kas a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 gibi belirtileri vard\u0131r. Gebelikte ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler nedeniyle gripal infeksiyonlar daha a\u011f\u0131r seyredebilir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k personeline, kronik hastalara, 65 ya\u015f \u00fczerindeki ki\u015filere uygulanmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir. Gebelerde grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131 yap\u0131labilir, ancak ilk 3 ay\u0131n ge\u00e7mesi beklenmelidir.<\/p>\n
Hepatit B <\/p>\n
Hepatit B t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada g\u00f6r\u00fclen bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. ABD de her y\u0131l 200.000 den fazla ki\u015fi hepatit B ye yakalanmakta, bunlar\u0131n 20.000 inde de kronik karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 geli\u015fmektedir.
\nAnne hepatit B ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funda yenido\u011fana ge\u00e7i\u015f riski %10-85 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Hepatit B ile infekte olan yenido\u011fanda ileriki d\u00f6nemde karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma riski % 90 d\u0131r. Anneden bula\u015fman\u0131n %90 \u0131 do\u011fumdan hemen sonra yap\u0131lan a\u015f\u0131 ve imm\u00fcnglobulin ile \u00f6nlenebilmektedir. A\u015f\u0131lama 6 ayda 3 kez yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r, bu \u015fekilde %90 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k elde edilebilmektedir.
\nGebelerde mutlaka hepatit ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hepatit B y\u00fczey antijeni (HBs Ag) ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131 inaktive vir\u00fcs a\u015f\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Geli\u015fen fetusa etkisi konusundaki veriler yetersizdir. A\u015f\u0131n\u0131n riski g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilecek kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr, gebelikte yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sak\u0131ncal\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmayan ki\u015filer, hepatitli birinin kan\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rlarsa 7 G\u00fcn i\u00e7inde imm\u00fcnglobulin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir. Hepatit B ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 biri ile cinsel ili\u015fki sonras\u0131 14 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde imm\u00fcnglobulin yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hepatit A<\/p>\n
Geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelere seyahat edeceklere, e\u011fer hepatit A ge\u00e7irmemi\u015flerse Hepatit A imm\u00fcnglobulini yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir.<\/p>\n
k\u0131zam\u0131k, k\u0131zam\u0131k\u00e7\u0131k, Kabakulak<\/p>\n
Canl\u0131 vir\u00fcs a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 olup, gebeli\u011fin her d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
GEBELiKTE A\u015fILAR Bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klarla sava\u015fta a\u015f\u0131lanman\u0131n \u00f6nemi yads\u0131namaz. \u00e7ocuklarda ve gen\u00e7lerde a\u015f\u0131larla \u00f6nlenebilen hastal\u0131klar olduk\u00e7a az g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, bu hastal\u0131klar daha ileri ya\u015flardaki ki\u015filerde halen sorun olabilmektedir. Difteri, tetanoz, kabakulak, k\u0131zam\u0131k\u00e7\u0131k gibi hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 eri\u015fkinler ya bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ge\u00e7irdikleri i\u00e7in do\u011fal olarak ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131klanmakta veya a\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in risk alt\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131rlar. Gebelerde a\u015f\u0131yla \u00f6nlenebilecek hastal\u0131klar\u0131n riski ile a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sorun olabilmektedir. Gebelikte[Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[229],"tags":[1926],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2910"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2910"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2910\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gncz.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}